Hard money lenders by state: usury, licensing, foreclosure speed and costs
Hard money is priced on the collateral, the exit — and the state. A lender in Texas gets a defaulted property back in two months; one in New Jersey may wait two years. Arkansas caps interest at 17% by constitution; a dozen states have no cap at all. Transfer taxes range from zero to more than 4%. These pages put the rules side by side for every state.
Each state page covers usury limits and business-purpose exemptions, lender licensing, the foreclosure process and typical timeline from the lender’s chair, post-sale redemption and deficiency rules, transfer and property taxes, and where investor activity concentrates — with the same orientation note everywhere: verify with counsel in the state, because these rules change.
- Alabama non-judicial, 1 to 3 months to sale
- Alaska judicial or non-judicial, 3 to 5 months to sale
- Arizona non-judicial, 3 to 5 months to sale
- Arkansas judicial or non-judicial, 3 to 5 months to sale
- California non-judicial, 4 to 8 months to sale
- Colorado non-judicial, 4 to 6 months to sale
- Connecticut judicial, 8 to 16 months to sale
- Delaware judicial, 6 to 12 months to sale
- Florida judicial, 6 to 14 months to sale
- Georgia non-judicial, 1 to 2 months to sale
- Hawaii judicial, 10 to 24 months to sale
- Idaho non-judicial, 5 to 7 months to sale
- Illinois judicial, 9 to 18 months to sale
- Indiana judicial, 5 to 12 months to sale
- Iowa judicial, 6 to 12 months to sale
- Kansas judicial, 4 to 8 months to sale
- Kentucky judicial, 6 to 12 months to sale
- Louisiana judicial, 2 to 6 months to sale
- Maine judicial, 10 to 20 months to sale
- Maryland non-judicial, 4 to 9 months to sale
- Massachusetts non-judicial, 6 to 12 months to sale
- Michigan non-judicial, 2 to 3 months to sale
- Minnesota non-judicial, 2 to 4 months to sale
- Mississippi non-judicial, 1 to 3 months to sale
- Missouri non-judicial, 1 to 2 months to sale
- Montana non-judicial, 4 to 6 months to sale
- Nebraska judicial or non-judicial, 3 to 5 months to sale
- Nevada non-judicial, 4 to 7 months to sale
- New Hampshire non-judicial, 2 to 4 months to sale
- New Jersey judicial, 12 to 36 months to sale
- New Mexico judicial, 6 to 12 months to sale
- New York judicial, 18 to 48 months to sale
- North Carolina non-judicial, 3 to 6 months to sale
- North Dakota judicial, 4 to 8 months to sale
- Ohio judicial, 6 to 12 months to sale
- Oklahoma judicial or non-judicial, 4 to 8 months to sale
- Oregon non-judicial, 5 to 9 months to sale
- Pennsylvania judicial, 6 to 14 months to sale
- Rhode Island non-judicial, 3 to 6 months to sale
- South Carolina judicial, 6 to 10 months to sale
- South Dakota judicial or non-judicial, 3 to 7 months to sale
- Tennessee non-judicial, 1 to 2 months to sale
- Texas non-judicial, 2 to 3 months to sale
- Utah non-judicial, 4 to 6 months to sale
- Vermont judicial, 10 to 18 months to sale
- Virginia non-judicial, 2 to 4 months to sale
- Washington non-judicial, 5 to 9 months to sale
- West Virginia non-judicial, 1 to 3 months to sale
- Wisconsin judicial, 8 to 14 months to sale
- Wyoming non-judicial, 2 to 3 months to sale
New to hard money? Start with what a hard money loan is, what it costs and how to vet a lender.